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Review of Pediatric Osteoarticular Infections

Derek Zhorne1, Kathleen Kilroy Bradford2, Ravi Jhaveri3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City IA, 52242. United States.

Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials
|August 30, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric osteoarticular infections require prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications. Advances in diagnostics like PCR assays and tailored antibiotic strategies improve outcomes for affected children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Musculoskeletal Infections
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Pediatric osteoarticular infections are uncommon but serious conditions.
  • Early identification and treatment are crucial to prevent acute complications and long-term disability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current epidemiology and etiology of pediatric osteoarticular infections.
  • To highlight recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of these infections.

Main Methods:

  • Searched PubMed (MEDLINE) and Scopus databases.
  • Focused on publications from the past 5 years.

Main Results:

  • Staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, and Kingella kingae are common pathogens.
  • Bacterial epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance vary globally.
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assays show promise for pathogen detection.

Conclusions:

  • Most children can transition to oral antibiotics after initial IV therapy, source control, and clinical improvement.
  • Optimal antibiotic duration and route depend on individual patient factors, pathogen, and response.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate optimal antimicrobial therapy strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute bacterial arthritisacute bacterial osteomyelitisepidemiologyosteoarticular infectionpediatricsseptic arthritis

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