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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

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Corrections for multiple comparisons in voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping.

Daniel Mirman1, Jon-Frederick Landrigan2, Spiro Kokolis2

  • 1University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Neuropsychologia
|August 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) requires robust statistical correction. A continuous permutation-based family-wise error rate (FWER) approach effectively balances false positives and negatives in lesion-symptom mapping research.

Keywords:
Cluster size correctionFamily-wise error correctionMultiple comparisonsPermutation testsVLSMVoxel-based lesion-symptom mapping

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging Analysis

Background:

  • Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) is crucial for understanding brain-behavior relationships.
  • VLSM requires statistical correction for multiple comparisons, posing challenges in balancing false positives and statistical power.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate permutation-based statistical correction methods for VLSM.
  • To compare the efficacy of cluster-size permutation versus family-wise error rate (FWER) correction.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated and real deficit scores from ~100 left-hemisphere stroke patients were analyzed.
  • Two permutation-based approaches were evaluated: minimum cluster size and generalized FWER correction.
  • Performance was compared against the parametric false discovery rate (FDR) correction.

Main Results:

  • Minimum cluster size permutation led to over-extended regions, hindering accurate brain-behavior mapping.
  • Generalized FWER correction provided a principled method for balancing false positives and negatives.
  • Parametric FDR correction showed anti-conservative results with smaller sample sizes (N=30-60).

Conclusions:

  • Continuous permutation-based FWER correction is a reliable method for VLSM.
  • This approach offers improved accuracy over cluster-size methods and parametric FDR at smaller sample sizes.
  • An implementation is available in the lesymap package for lesion-symptom mapping.