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Related Concept Videos

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems01:23

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

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Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Ophthalmic Start-Up Chief Executive Officers' Perceptions of Development Hurdles.

William C Stewart1, Lindsay A Nelson, Bonnie Kruft

  • 1PRN PharmaFarm, LLC, Cheyenne, WY, USA.

Ophthalmic Research
|August 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Ophthalmic pharmaceutical start-ups face significant hurdles in new product development, primarily concerning financial capital, regulatory compliance, and achieving clinical endpoints. Fundraising is also impacted by market trends and corporate strategies.

Keywords:
ChallengesDevelopmentOphthalmic treatmentStart-up

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmaceutical Science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Ophthalmic pharmaceutical start-ups are crucial for innovation in eye care.
  • These companies face unique challenges in bringing novel treatments to market.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and analyze the primary challenges encountered by ophthalmic pharmaceutical start-ups during new product development.
  • To understand the key factors hindering the progress of these innovative companies.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was distributed to chief executive officers (CEOs) or presidents of ophthalmic start-ups.
  • Data was collected from 24 responding companies out of 78 distributed surveys (31% response rate).

Main Results:

  • The most significant development hurdles reported were lack of financial capital (75%), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations (25%), and failure to meet clinical endpoints (25%).
  • Trends affecting fundraising included risk aversion to early-stage medicines (75%), M&A impacting licensing (29%), rise of large pharma venture capital (50%), and reduced in-house drug development by large pharmaceutical companies (42%).

Conclusions:

  • Ophthalmic start-up CEOs identify development funding, regulatory complexities, and clinical endpoint achievement as their foremost challenges.
  • Market dynamics and strategic shifts within the pharmaceutical industry significantly influence the fundraising landscape for these specialized start-ups.