Revised CHARMM force field parameters for iron-containing cofactors of photosystem II

Photosystem II is a complex protein-cofactor machinery that splits water molecules into molecular oxygen, protons, and electrons. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations have the potential to contribute to our general understanding of how photosystem II works. To perform reliable all-atom simulations, we need accurate force field parameters for the cofactor molecules. We present here CHARMM bonded and non-bonded parameters for the iron-containing cofactors of photosystem II that include a six-coordinated heme moiety coordinated by two histidine groups, and a non-heme iron complex coordinated by bicarbonate and four histidines. The force field parameters presented here give water interaction energies and geometries in good agreement with the quantum mechanical target data. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.