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In Vitro Bioaccessibility and Effect of Mangifera indica (Ataulfo) Leaf Extract on Induced Dyslipidemia
Eli Mireya Sandoval-Gallegos1, Esther Ramírez-Moreno1, Juan Gayosso De Lucio2
11 Interdisciplinary Research Center, Academic Area of Nutrition, Institute of Health Sciences , Pachuca, México.
Insights
Mangifera indica L. leaf extract (MEM) shows significant antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects. This study investigated MEM
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Phytochemistry
- Nutraceuticals and Cardiovascular Health
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading global cause of mortality.
- Diet, stress, and obesity are key risk factors for CVDs like atherosclerosis and hypertension.
- Existing CVD treatments have limitations, necessitating novel preventive strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the bioaccessibility, phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity of a methanolic extract from Mangifera indica L. leaves (MEM).
- To assess the lipid-lowering efficacy of MEM in a rat model of diet-induced dyslipidemia.
Main Methods:
- Quantification of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity (DPPH·, ABTS·+) in MEM.
- Determination of phenolic compound bioaccessibility.
- Administration of MEM to Wistar rats with induced hyperlipidemia to evaluate its effects on lipid profiles.
Main Results:
- Mangiferin was identified as the primary component of MEM.
- MEM exhibited high total polyphenol content (575.28 GAE/g db) and potent antioxidant activity (77.68 μmol TE/g db by DPPH·, 20,630 μmol TE/g db by ABTS·+).
- A dosage of 100 mg/kg of MEM significantly reduced hyperlipidemia in Wistar rats, with 12% bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds.
Conclusions:
- Mangifera indica L. leaf extract (MEM) possesses significant antioxidant and lipid-lowering properties.
- MEM demonstrates potential as a nutraceutical for managing dyslipidemia and preventing cardiovascular diseases.
- Further research is warranted to explore MEM's application in individuals consuming high-fat diets.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death in the world, and epidemiological evidence points to dietary habits, stress, and obesity as major risk factors promoting pathological conditions like atherosclerosis, hypertension, and thrombosis. Current therapeutic approaches for CVDs rely on lifestyle changes and/or the use of drug agents. However, since the efficacy of such interventions is often limited by poor compliance and/or significant side effects, continued research on new preventive and therapeutic approaches is much needed. Our study is aimed to determine the bioaccessibility, total content of phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity (DPPH·, ABTS·+) of a methanolic extract from Mangifera indica L. leaves (MEM), and its lipid-lowering effect on an induced dyslipidemia model in Wistar rats. Our results showed that mangiferin is the main component of MEM. The extract showed a total content of polyphenol compounds of 575.28 gallic acid equivalents per dry matter basis (GAE/g db), antioxidant activity 77.68 μmol Trolox equivalents per gram (TE/g) db as measured by DPPH· and 20,630 μmol TE/g db by ABTS·+, and 12% of phenolic compounds were bioaccessible, and 100 mg/kg of MEM reduced hyperlipidemia levels induced in Wistar rats. Further study on the potential use of MEM as a nutraceutical to prevent CVDs in high-fat diet consumers is required.
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