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Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

990
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
990
Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

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Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
654
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

865
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 23, 2026

Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking IPL: Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
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Distributed Training Enhances Implicit Sequence Acquisition in Children With Specific Language Impairment.

Lise Desmottes1, Thierry Meulemans2, Marie-Aude Patinec1

  • 1Department of Speech and Language Therapy, University of Liège, Belgium.

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|August 31, 2017
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Children with specific language impairment (SLI) learn better when training sessions are spread out over time, not clustered together. Distributed practice enhances sequence learning in SLI, unlike intensive training.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Implicit sequence learning is crucial for cognitive development.
  • Specific language impairment (SLI) may affect learning and memory processes.
  • Understanding training structure effects is vital for educational interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how massed versus distributed training structures impact implicit sequence learning in children.
  • To compare learning outcomes in children with and without specific language impairment (SLI).

Main Methods:

  • Children completed a serial reaction time (SRT) task under two training conditions: massed (sessions on one day) and distributed (sessions over one week).
  • A retention test was administered two weeks after the final training session.
  • Performance was analyzed statistically to compare learning between groups and conditions.

Main Results:

  • Children without SLI showed no significant difference in SRT task performance between massed and distributed training.
  • Children with SLI performed significantly better on the SRT task following distributed training compared to massed training.
  • The results indicate that training structure differentially affects implicit learning in children with and without SLI.

Conclusions:

  • Distributed training enhances implicit sequence learning in children with SLI, whereas massed training does not.
  • These findings suggest that learning abilities in children with SLI are sensitive to the temporal distribution of training.
  • The study highlights the importance of considering training schedules for optimizing learning in clinical populations.