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Large-Scale Identification of Wolbachia pipientis Effectors.

Danny W Rice¹, Kathy B Sheehan¹, Irene L G Newton¹

¹Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington.

Genome Biology and Evolution

|September 1, 2017

Summary

Researchers identified 14 key secreted effector proteins from Wolbachia pipientis, a bacterial symbiont. These candidates are crucial for understanding how Wolbachia interacts with and manipulates its arthropod hosts.

Keywords:

T4SS evolution host–microbe interaction symbiosis

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Genomics
Insect Biology

Background:

Wolbachia pipientis is an intracellular symbiont known for manipulating arthropod reproduction and blocking viral replication.
Understanding Wolbachia's host interaction mechanisms is limited due to challenges in genetic manipulation and its intracellular nature.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and characterize potential effector proteins secreted by Wolbachia into host cells.
To gain insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying Wolbachia-host interactions.

Main Methods:

Utilized a bioinformatics pipeline to identify 163 candidate effector proteins.
Performed a heterologous expression screen in yeast to identify candidates causing growth defects, pinpointing 14 top candidates.
Analyzed expression patterns and evolutionary histories of candidate effectors.

Main Results:

Identified 163 candidate effector proteins secreted by Wolbachia.
Screening identified 14 high-confidence candidate effectors.
Expression and evolutionary histories suggest coordinated function and strain-specific roles in host manipulation.

Conclusions:

The identified effector proteins are critical for dissecting Wolbachia's mechanisms of symbiont-host interaction.
These findings provide a foundation for future research into Wolbachia's role in host biology and vector control.