Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

2.4K
Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
2.4K
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

352
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
352
Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

1.5K
A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
1.5K
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

1.9K
IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
1.9K
Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination01:28

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

3.8K
Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...
3.8K
Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

524
In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs...
524

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

COPA syndrome unmasked by anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive immune-complex nephritis.

Kidney international·2026
Same author

Substrate-Controlled Dearomative Cycloadditions of Perfluoronaphthalenes via Visible-Light Energy Transfer Catalysis: Switchable Access to [2+2], [4+2], and Diastereoconvergent Cycloadducts.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Evaluating a health education intervention to improve pill swallowing for trainee doctors, nurses, physicians' assistants and pharmacists in Europe, the Middle East and Asia - KidzMed Goes Global.

Currents in pharmacy teaching & learning·2026
Same author

Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab Therapy to Sustain Remission in Young Children With Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome.

Kidney international reports·2026
Same author

Incidence, causes and outcome of term infants presenting with hyponatraemia and hyperkalaemia: population surveillance study in Wales.

Archives of disease in childhood·2026
Same author

Triple Therapy With Calcineurin Inhibition Enhances Remission in Childhood-Onset Lupus Nephritis.

Kidney international reports·2026
Same journal

Diagnostic accuracy study assessing the ability of paediatric asthma scores to predict admission following initial emergency department bronchodilator therapy: a Clinical Asthma Scoring systems in Paediatric Emergency (CASPER) study.

Archives of disease in childhood·2026
Same journal

Artificial intelligence for child health: current capabilities and the next frontier.

Archives of disease in childhood·2026
Same journal

Troubled origins and lasting impact of the first insulin injection.

Archives of disease in childhood·2026
Same journal

Paediatric readiness assessment tools in emergency care: a scoping review.

Archives of disease in childhood·2026
Same journal

Building a paediatric workforce to deliver the NHS prevention agenda: time for paediatric public health medicine?

Archives of disease in childhood·2026
Same journal

Impact of antenatal biological response modifying drugs on infant infection risk and vaccination rates: a national cohort study.

Archives of disease in childhood·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 23, 2026

An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection
07:57

An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection

Published on: June 24, 2025

1.3K

Antibiotics for performing voiding cystourethrogram: a randomised control trial.

Rajiv Sinha1,2, Subhasis Saha1, Biplab Maji1,2

  • 1Paediatric Nephro-Urology unit, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal.

Archives of Disease in Childhood
|September 1, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prophylactic antibiotics significantly reduce the incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) following voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) in children. This preventative measure is particularly effective in children with abnormal pre-VCUG ultrasound findings.

Keywords:
clinical proceduresimagingnephrologytherapeutics

More Related Videos

Detection of Tissue-resident Bacteria in Bladder Biopsies by 16S rRNA Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
09:50

Detection of Tissue-resident Bacteria in Bladder Biopsies by 16S rRNA Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

Published on: October 18, 2019

10.2K
Transcorporal Artificial Urinary Sphincter Cuff Placement in a Case Requiring Revision for Urethral Atrophy
03:25

Transcorporal Artificial Urinary Sphincter Cuff Placement in a Case Requiring Revision for Urethral Atrophy

Published on: June 16, 2022

1.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 23, 2026

An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection
07:57

An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection

Published on: June 24, 2025

1.3K
Detection of Tissue-resident Bacteria in Bladder Biopsies by 16S rRNA Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
09:50

Detection of Tissue-resident Bacteria in Bladder Biopsies by 16S rRNA Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

Published on: October 18, 2019

10.2K
Transcorporal Artificial Urinary Sphincter Cuff Placement in a Case Requiring Revision for Urethral Atrophy
03:25

Transcorporal Artificial Urinary Sphincter Cuff Placement in a Case Requiring Revision for Urethral Atrophy

Published on: June 16, 2022

1.4K

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in children.
  • Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a key diagnostic imaging technique for evaluating UTIs and urinary tract abnormalities.
  • There is a risk of developing a UTI associated with the VCUG procedure itself.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if antibiotic prophylaxis can decrease the rate of UTIs acquired after a VCUG procedure.
  • To identify specific patient groups who may benefit most from antibiotic prophylaxis before VCUG.

Main Methods:

  • An open-label randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 120 children aged 2 months to 5 years undergoing VCUG.
  • Participants were randomized to receive oral antibiotics (cephalexin or co-trimoxazole) or no antibiotics.
  • UTI incidence was assessed three days post-VCUG, defined by symptomatic infection and significant bacterial growth.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of post-VCUG UTI was significantly lower in the antibiotic group (1.4%) compared to the no-antibiotic group (17%) (p=0.01).
  • An abnormal pre-VCUG ultrasound scan was identified as an independent risk factor for post-VCUG UTI (OR=9.51).
  • The number needed to treat with antibiotics to prevent one UTI was 6.5, reducing to 4 for children with abnormal ultrasound scans.

Conclusions:

  • Antibiotic prophylaxis is effective in reducing the occurrence of UTIs after VCUG in children.
  • The benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis is most pronounced in children with abnormal pre-VCUG ultrasound findings.
  • This strategy can help minimize infectious complications associated with diagnostic imaging in pediatric urology.