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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Transnuclear Mice with Pre-defined T Cell Receptor Specificities Against Toxoplasma gondii Obtained Via SCNT
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A Chlamydia-Specific TCR-Transgenic Mouse Demonstrates Th1 Polyfunctionality with Enhanced Effector Function.

Taylor B Poston1, Yanyan Qu2, Jenna Girardi1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; and.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|September 1, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new mouse model to study T cell responses to chlamydia infections. This model helps analyze how specific T cells fight chlamydia and could guide new vaccine strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Microbial Pathogenesis

Background:

  • * Chlamydia infections cause millions of new cases annually, necessitating improved vaccine development.
  • * Understanding cellular immunity, particularly CD4 T cell responses producing IFN-γ, is crucial for Chlamydia vaccine design.
  • * Current tools for studying polyfunctional antigen-specific T cells are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To develop a novel tool for studying Chlamydia-specific CD4 T cell responses.
  • * To investigate the protective capacity of polyfunctional Th1 T cells against Chlamydia infection.
  • * To assess the potential of T cell-based strategies for Chlamydia subunit vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • * Creation of a T cell receptor-transgenic (TCR-Tg) mouse model with CD4 T cells recognizing a common Chlamydia antigen.
  • * Adoptive transfer of naive TCR-Tg CD4 T cells into infected mice.
  • * Analysis of T cell activation, proliferation, migration, phenotype, and effector functions.
  • * Evaluation of protection in immune-deficient mouse models.

Main Results:

  • * Transferred CD4 T cells activated, proliferated, and migrated to infected tissues.
  • * These T cells acquired a polyfunctional Th1 phenotype with enhanced IFN-γ production.
  • * Polyfunctional T cells provided protection against lethality, mediated bacterial clearance, and induced memory responses.
  • * The TCR-Tg T cells demonstrated superior protective capacity compared to polyclonal cells.

Conclusions:

  • * The developed TCR-transgenic mouse model is a powerful tool for analyzing protective T cell responses against Chlamydia.
  • * Polyfunctional CD4 T cells play a critical role in controlling Chlamydia infection and establishing immunity.
  • * Monoclonal CD4 T cell responses with polyfunctional capacity show promise for guiding subunit vaccination strategies against Chlamydia.