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Estimating parasite host range.

Tad Dallas1,2, Shan Huang3, Charles Nunn4,5

  • 1Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA tdallas@ucdavis.edu.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|September 1, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Estimating parasite host range is crucial for disease ecology. A new method reveals 20-40% of parasite host ranges are unknown, impacting our understanding of host-parasite networks.

Keywords:
Global Mammal Parasite DatabaseSevilleta LTERabundance-based coverage estimatorhost breadthhost specificityspecies diversity estimation

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Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Disease Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Estimating parasite host range is vital for understanding host specialism and disease ecology.
  • Challenges in host range estimation include species abundance variation and detecting rare species.
  • Accurate host range data is essential for mapping host-parasite networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a non-parametric method for estimating parasite host range.
  • To assess the impact of sampling heterogeneity and data completeness on host range estimation accuracy.
  • To estimate the proportion of unknown parasite host ranges in global and local datasets.

Main Methods:

  • Application of a non-parametric richness indicator to simulated and empirical data.
  • Validation of the method using simulated datasets with controlled sampling variations.
  • Estimation of host range for parasites using the Global Mammal Parasite Database and Sevilleta LTER data.

Main Results:

  • Estimation accuracy was influenced by parasite taxonomy, number of occurrence records, and host community structure.
  • The developed method successfully estimated host range in simulated and empirical data.
  • Between 20% and 40% of parasite host ranges remain unknown across the studied datasets.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of parasite host ranges are currently unestimated, posing a knowledge gap.
  • This gap affects our understanding of parasite specificity, host-parasite interactions, and disease dynamics.
  • The developed method offers a way to improve host range estimation despite data limitations.