Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 23, 2026

Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering
12:23

Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering

Published on: October 12, 2012

10.9K

PJP granuloma in an Immune competent host: Case report and literature review

Chandra S Pingili1,2, Vel Sivapalan1,2

  • 1Columbia University medical center, The Affiliation at Harlem hospital, New York, USA.

Idcases
|September 1, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is a fungal infection typically seen in immunocompromised individuals. However, rare cases of PJP can occur even in those with normal immune function and CD4 levels.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Pneumocystis jirovecii (PJP) is taxonomically classified as fungi, distinct from its historical protozoan classification.
  • Fungal classification is supported by genetic sequencing, cell wall composition, and enzyme structures.
  • PJP predominantly affects immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with CD4 counts below 200 cells/µL or 15%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature regarding Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) occurrence.
  • To investigate the possibility of PJP in hosts beyond the typically immunocompromised.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of documented PJP cases.
  • Analysis of host immune status, specifically CD4 counts, in relation to PJP infection.

Main Results:

  • PJP is most commonly diagnosed in immunocompromised patients.
  • The literature supports rare instances of PJP infections in immunocompetent individuals.
  • PJP has been observed in patients with normal CD4+ T cell counts.

Conclusions:

  • While PJP is strongly associated with immunodeficiency, its occurrence is not strictly limited to this population.
  • Clinicians should consider PJP in differential diagnoses even in immunocompetent patients presenting with relevant symptoms.
  • Further research may elucidate the mechanisms behind PJP in immunocompetent hosts.
Keywords:
Non HIV patientPJP granuloma

More Related Videos

Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis PMU as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis10:33

Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis PMU as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis

Published on: December 17, 2021

3.2K
Induction of Graft-versus-host Disease and In Vivo T Cell Monitoring Using an MHC-matched Murine Model10:29

Induction of Graft-versus-host Disease and In Vivo T Cell Monitoring Using an MHC-matched Murine Model

Published on: August 29, 2012

16.3K

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
1.7K
Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
3.4K
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
1.0K
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
45
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
982
Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
472