Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

First Impression01:09

First Impression

266
First impressions play a crucial role in social perception, shaping how individuals assess others in professional, academic, and interpersonal contexts. Psychological research highlights the significance of cognitive biases, such as the primacy and recency effects, which influence how people interpret and recall information.The Primacy Effect and Cognitive AnchoringThe primacy effect describes the tendency for initial information to impact judgment disproportionately. When individuals encounter...
266
Vision01:24

Vision

60.6K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
60.6K
Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

1.7K
Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
1.7K
Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

Gestalt Principles of Perception

1.5K
Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
1.5K
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

1.6K
Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
1.6K
Visual System01:26

Visual System

2.0K
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Oxytocin receptor or vasopressin 1a receptor knockout suppresses same-sex conspecific aggression without affecting partner preference in male prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster).

Hormones and behavior·2026
Same author

Factors associated with acute radiation-induced nocturia in localized prostate cancer treated with proton beam therapy.

Journal of radiation research·2026
Same author

Response to "Reconsidering 'photon-ineligible' status in concurrent chemo-proton therapy for stage III non-small cell lung cancer".

Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology·2026
Same author

Ultrasound-guided axillary approach for axillary nerve block: a cadaveric study.

Regional anesthesia and pain medicine·2026
Same author

Inhibitory DREADD manipulation induces convulsions in the secondary but not the primary somatosensory cortex, providing a clue to their functional differences.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same author

Protoporphyrin IX fluorescence for real-time visualization of bacterial persistence during root canal treatment.

Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 23, 2026

Visualizing Visual Adaptation
04:43

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Published on: April 24, 2017

9.6K

The mere exposure effect for visual image.

Kazuya Inoue1,2,3, Yoshihiko Yagi4, Nobuya Sato5

  • 1National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan. kazuyainoue@k-inoue.info.

Memory & Cognition
|September 1, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The mere exposure effect, where familiarity breeds liking, extends to internally generated images. This effect was observed when participants visualized invisible polygons during both exposure and rating, highlighting the role of mental imagery in preference formation.

Keywords:
Mere exposure effectPerceptual fluencyVisual image

More Related Videos

Investigating the Effect of Visual Imagery and Learning Shape-Audio Regularities on Bouba and Kiki
07:31

Investigating the Effect of Visual Imagery and Learning Shape-Audio Regularities on Bouba and Kiki

Published on: September 13, 2019

10.6K
Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization
05:35

Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization

Published on: April 19, 2017

7.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 23, 2026

Visualizing Visual Adaptation
04:43

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Published on: April 24, 2017

9.6K
Investigating the Effect of Visual Imagery and Learning Shape-Audio Regularities on Bouba and Kiki
07:31

Investigating the Effect of Visual Imagery and Learning Shape-Audio Regularities on Bouba and Kiki

Published on: September 13, 2019

10.6K
Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization
05:35

Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization

Published on: April 19, 2017

7.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Visual Perception
  • Memory Studies

Background:

  • The mere exposure effect describes how repeated exposure to stimuli increases positive evaluation.
  • Previous research primarily focused on external stimuli, leaving the effect on internal representations under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the mere exposure effect applies to internally generated visual representations.
  • To determine the role of mental visualization and processing consistency in the mere exposure effect.

Main Methods:

  • Participants were exposed to sequences of dots forming invisible polygons.
  • In different experiments, participants visualized and memorized these polygons or just dot positions.
  • Preference ratings were collected for invisible or visible polygons after exposure.

Main Results:

  • The mere exposure effect was found only when participants visualized invisible polygons in both exposure and rating phases.
  • No mere exposure effect was observed when rating visible polygons or when only memorizing dot positions.
  • Consistency in processing (visualization) between phases was crucial.

Conclusions:

  • The mere exposure effect can occur for internalized visual images, not just external stimuli.
  • Sensory input plays a minimal role; the effect is driven by the cognitive process of mental visualization.
  • Consistent processing, particularly visualization, across exposure and evaluation is key for the mere exposure effect.