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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

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The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
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Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice
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Myeloma and Bone Disease.

Cristina Panaroni1,2, Andrew J Yee1,2, Noopur S Raje3,4

  • 1Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Professional Office Building 216, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.

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Multiple myeloma (MM) causes debilitating bone disease through an imbalance in bone remodeling. New treatments aim to improve bone health and combat MM by targeting the tumor-bone microenvironment.

Keywords:
BisphosphonatesBone marrow stromal cellsMultiple myelomaOsteolytic bone diseaseTumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Orthopedics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by significant bone disease, leading to lytic lesions, osteopenia, pain, and fractures.
  • The pathogenesis involves an imbalance between bone resorption (osteoclast activity) and bone formation (osteoblast inhibition).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the biology of multiple myeloma-induced bone disease.
  • To explore novel therapeutic strategies targeting bone disease in MM.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature and clinical data.
  • Analysis of the tumor-bone microenvironment's role in MM progression and bone pathology.

Main Results:

  • MM bone disease results from dysregulated osteoclast and osteoblast activity, leading to progressive bone loss.
  • The interaction between MM cells and the bone microenvironment is crucial for both bone disease and cancer progression.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting the tumor-bone microenvironment offers a promising strategy for treating both MM and its associated bone disease.
  • Further understanding of this microenvironment is critical for developing effective novel therapies for this incurable disease.