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Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

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Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
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The Starvation Symptom Inventory: Development and Psychometric Properties.

Simona Calugi1, Mario Miniati2, Chiara Milanese3

  • 1Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Via Montebaldo, 89, 37016 Garda (Verona), Italy. si.calugi@gmail.com.

Nutrients
|September 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary

The Starvation Symptoms Inventory (SSI) is a validated tool to measure starvation symptoms in anorexia nervosa patients. This self-report questionnaire helps identify and understand these critical symptoms in clinical settings.

Keywords:
anorexia nervosadietary restraintfactor analysisreliabilitystarvation symptomsvalidity

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Eating Disorders

Background:

  • Starvation symptoms are prevalent in anorexia nervosa, potentially perpetuating eating disorder psychopathology.
  • The transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural theory highlights the role of starvation symptoms in maintaining eating disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and validate the Starvation Symptoms Inventory (SSI).
  • To create a self-report questionnaire for assessing starvation symptoms in underweight eating disorder patients.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 150 female anorexia nervosa patients, 341 healthy controls, 30 non-underweight eating disorder patients, and 15 bipolar depressive patients.
  • Administered the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire and Brief Symptom Inventory to anorexia nervosa patients.
  • Participants rated starvation symptom frequency and intensity on a Likert scale over 28 days.

Main Results:

  • Principal component analysis yielded a reliable 15-item scale with high internal consistency (α = 0.91) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.90).
  • The SSI demonstrated good convergent validity, correlating significantly with eating disorder and general psychopathology measures.
  • Anorexia nervosa patients scored significantly higher on the SSI compared to all other groups.

Conclusions:

  • The Starvation Symptoms Inventory (SSI) is a valid and reliable self-report measure.
  • The SSI provides valuable clinical insights into starvation symptoms experienced by anorexia nervosa patients.