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Multi-Mode GF-3 Satellite Image Geometric Accuracy Verification Using the RPC Model.

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The GaoFen-3 (GF-3) satellite achieves high geometric accuracy for its synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. With ground control points, GF-3

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Area of Science:

  • Remote Sensing
  • Geodesy
  • Earth Observation

Background:

  • The GaoFen-3 (GF-3) satellite is China's first C-band multi-polarization synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite, offering up to 1m resolution.
  • GF-3 is part of the High-Resolution Earth Observation System, designed for civilian applications with 12 imaging modes.
  • High geometric accuracy is crucial for the practical application of SAR satellite imagery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To verify the geometric accuracy of different GF-3 imaging modes.
  • To analyze SAR geometric error sources.
  • To assess geometric correction performance with and without Ground Control Points (GCPs).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of SAR geometric error sources.
  • Geometric correction tests using the Rational Polynomial Coefficient (RPC) model.
  • Evaluation of five GF-3 imaging modes: spotlight (SL), ultra-fine strip (UFS), Fine Strip I (FSI), Full polarized Strip I (QPSI), and standard strip (SS).
  • Testing with and without GCPs, including four corner control points.

Main Results:

  • Without GCPs, check point residuals were large and consistent.
  • With four corner GCPs, the root mean square error (RMSE) for independent checkpoints was below 1.5 pixels.
  • The geometric positioning accuracy achieved is comparable to international satellite standards.

Conclusions:

  • GF-3 satellite imagery demonstrates high geometric accuracy when appropriate GCPs are used.
  • The satellite is suitable for high-accuracy geometric processing.
  • GF-3 is capable of supporting various industry applications requiring precise geolocation.