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Alterations in cardiovascular function by particulate matter in rats using a crossover design.

Hsiao-Chi Chuang¹, Yin-Jyun Lin², Charles C K Chou³

¹School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.

Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

|September 4, 2017

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Exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5) mass concentration in urban air was linked to decreased blood pressure and heart rate in rats. Specific particle components like chloride and nitrate also showed associations with cardiovascular changes, suggesting a need for further environmental health research.

Area of Science:

Environmental Health Sciences
Toxicology
Cardiovascular Physiology

Background:

Urban ambient particles are a complex mixture with potential health implications.
Understanding the cardiovascular effects of specific particle constituents is crucial for public health.
Existing research often lacks detailed analysis of individual particle components and their cardiovascular impact.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the associations between cardiovascular effects and urban ambient particle constituents.
To utilize an in vivo crossover experimental design to assess these associations.
To determine the impact of PM2.5 mass, number concentration, and black carbon on cardiovascular parameters.

Main Methods:

Whole-body exposure of WKY rats to ambient particles or HEPA-filtered air in a crossover design.

Keywords:

Air pollution Black carbon Blood pressure Heart rate Heart rate viability PM(2.5)

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Monitoring of PM2.5 mass concentration, particle number concentration, and black carbon (BC).

Analysis of organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and soluble ions within PM2.5.

Radiotelemetric monitoring of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR), including heart rate variability (HRV).

Main Results:

PM2.5 mass concentration was associated with decreased systolic BP, diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure, and HR.
No significant changes in BP or HR were observed with particle number concentration or BC exposure.
Heart rate variability (LnSDNN, LnRMSSD) was positively associated with PM2.5 mass concentration.
Specific components like chloride (Cl-) and nitrate (NO3-) were linked to alterations in BP, HR, and HRV.

Conclusions:

Cardiovascular responses in rats were observed following exposure to ambient particles using an in vivo crossover design.
The study highlights the role of PM2.5 mass concentration and specific constituents in cardiovascular effects.
The crossover design demonstrated potential for reducing animal usage in future environmental studies.