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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Author Spotlight: Robust Culture of Human Enteric Neurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Functional Enterospheres Derived In Vitro from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Rohan R Nadkarni1, Soumeya Abed2, Brian J Cox3

  • 1McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada.

Stem Cell Reports
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PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed human enterospheres (hEnS) from stem cells for studying the gut. These organoids offer a simplified model for gastrointestinal research and disease study.

Keywords:
Wnt signalingenterosphereshuman pluripotent stem cellsinnate immunityintestinal organoidsintestinein vitro differentiation

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Gastrointestinal biology
  • In vitro modeling

Background:

  • Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offer access to gastrointestinal tissues in vitro.
  • Existing models require complex differentiation protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generate a simplified in vitro model of human intestinal epithelium.
  • To establish a tractable system for studying gastrointestinal biology and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of enterospheres (hEnS) from hPSC-derived gastrointestinal epithelial precursors.
  • Characterization of hEnS structure, gene expression, and differentiation potential.
  • Functional assays including pathogen response and stem cell enrichment.

Main Results:

  • hEnS are cystic spheroids composed entirely of intestinal epithelium.
  • hEnS express mature brush border markers and have transcriptomes similar to mature organoids.
  • hEnS exhibit innate immune responses and allow for stem cell enrichment via genetic modification.

Conclusions:

  • Human enterospheres (hEnS) provide an accessible and manageable in vitro model.
  • hEnS are suitable for studying human gastrointestinal biology, innate immunity, and stem cell dynamics.