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Neutralizing epitopes of RSV and palivizumab resistance in Japan

Koichi Hashimoto, Mitsuaki Hosoya

    Fukushima Journal of Medical Science
    |September 5, 2017
    PubMed

    Insights

    Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) causes severe infections in children. Continuous genetic analysis of the F protein is crucial due to emerging palivizumab-resistant mutations, aiding future vaccine development.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Immunology
    • Pediatrics

    Background:

    • Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a primary cause of acute lower respiratory infections in young children.
    • The RSV F protein is a key target for neutralizing antibodies due to its essential role and conserved nature.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the importance of continuous genetic analysis of the palivizumab-binding region of the RSV F protein.
    • To address the emergence of palivizumab-resistant mutations in RSV infections.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on RSV antigenic targets and palivizumab resistance.
    • Analysis of genetic data related to the F protein's palivizumab-binding site.

    Main Results:

    • Site II of the F protein is the target for palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody used for RSV prevention.
    • Palivizumab-resistant mutations have been infrequently reported in children with RSV infections, particularly as palivizumab use expands.

    Conclusions:

    • Ongoing genetic surveillance of the F protein is necessary to monitor and combat palivizumab resistance.
    • Advancements in RSV vaccine development are anticipated to significantly improve infection control in the coming decade.

    Keywords:
    JapanRSVneutralizing epitopepalivizumabresistance

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