Factors associated with magnesemia in patients with chronic kidney disease

Previous studies have indicated diabetes was associated with lower serum magnesium (Mg) level. Patients with renal impairment usually have higher Mg concentration due to reduced renal excretion. Whether Mg level in diabetics with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is altered remains undermined. In this study, we analyzed serum Mg concentration in patients with CKD and also compared diabetics with non-diabetics. Factors associated with Mg levels were explored. A total of 939 patients were included and 717 were with CKD. Their serum Mg concentration increased progressively, as their glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreased in both diabetics and non-diabetics. Compared with non-diabetics, diabetes was significantly associated with lower serum Mg concentration in patients without CKD than in patients with CKD in all stages of disease. Multivariate regression analysis identified that both diabetes and serum albumin were independent factors of serum Mg concentration in patients without CKD. Age, diabetes, serum albumin concentration, GFR and macroproteinuria were significantly associated with serum Mg concentration in patients with early-stage CKD. In patients with moderate-to-severe CKD, diabetes, serum albumin and GFR were independent factors related to the serum Mg level.