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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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A Simplified Method for Generating Kidney Organoids from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Concise Review: Kidney Generation with Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Ryuji Morizane1,2,3, Tomoya Miyoshi1,2, Joseph V Bonventre1,2,3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio)
|September 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offer a promising avenue for regenerating kidneys by generating nephron progenitor cells (NPCs). This research explores hPSC-derived NPCs for kidney disease modeling and regenerative therapies.

Keywords:
DifferentiationKidneyNephronOrganoidPluripotent stem cellRegenerative medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue causing significant mortality.
  • Loss of nephrons in adult kidneys cannot be reversed, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) possess the potential for kidney regenerative therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in generating nephron progenitor cells (NPCs) and kidney cells from hPSCs.
  • To discuss NPC expansion from embryonic kidneys and in vivo regeneration approaches.
  • To highlight the potential of hPSC-derived cells for kidney disease modeling and drug screening.

Main Methods:

  • Summarizing recent studies on inducing NPCs and kidney cells from hPSCs.
  • Reviewing studies on NPC expansion from mouse and human embryonic kidneys.
  • Discussing in vivo cell therapies and bioengineered kidney development.

Main Results:

  • Protocols have been established to generate NPCs and nephron epithelial cells from hPSCs.
  • Key signals for maintaining stemness of human NPCs in vitro have been identified.
  • Large-scale production of human NPCs and kidney organoids is becoming feasible.

Conclusions:

  • hPSC-derived NPCs are crucial for advancing kidney regenerative medicine.
  • These cells hold promise for understanding kidney development, disease modeling, and therapeutic interventions.
  • Future research focuses on in vivo regeneration and bioengineered kidney development.