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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 23, 2026

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Technologically-advanced assessment of upper-limb spasticity: a pilot study.

Federico Posteraro1,2, Simona Crea3, Stefano Mazzoleni4,3

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation, Versilia Hospital AUSL Toscana Nord Ovest, Camaiore, Lucca, Italy - federico.posteraro@uslnordovest.toscana.it.

European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine
|September 6, 2017
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Summary

New robotic devices offer objective upper-limb spasticity assessment for neurological disorders. These tools can track treatment effectiveness, aiding rehabilitation and reducing bias in clinical studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Engineering
  • Biomedical Instrumentation

Background:

  • Spasticity is a common motor disorder following neurological conditions like stroke, impacting patient function and rehabilitation.
  • Current spasticity assessment methods lack standardization, hindering objective outcome evaluation.
  • Upper motor neuron syndrome contributes to spasticity, complicating treatment and recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce novel robotic devices for assessing upper-limb spasticity.
  • To identify key spasticity measures that can be automatically quantified by advanced robotic technology.
  • To explore the utility of robotic assessment in post-stroke spasticity management.

Main Methods:

  • An observational pilot study involving five chronic phase post-stroke patients.
  • Utilized a newly developed robotic device for automated assessment of elbow spasticity during passive and active movements.
  • Compared robotic assessments with the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) before and after botulinum toxin injections and robotic therapy.

Main Results:

  • Robotic and MAS assessments indicated improvement in four out of five patients post-treatment.
  • The robotic device successfully detected changes in spasticity in three patients.
  • The robotic system identified a lack of treatment effectiveness in one patient where botulinum toxin was ineffective.

Conclusions:

  • Robotic devices enable continuous, objective recording of spasticity parameters during rehabilitation.
  • Standardized robotic measurements offer advantages including real-time monitoring, detection of subtle changes, and reduced assessment bias in multicenter trials.
  • This technology can optimize rehabilitation by identifying recovery plateaus and informing treatment duration.