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Pseudotyped Lentiviral Vectors: One Vector, Many Guises.

Alok V Joglekar1, Salemiz Sandoval1

  • 11 Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California.

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|September 6, 2017
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Summary

Lentiviral vectors (LVs) use diverse viral envelopes for targeted gene delivery. This review details pseudotyped LVs, exploring their specificities, benefits, and limitations for efficient cell transduction.

Keywords:
lentiviral vector envelopespseudotyped lentiviral vectpseudotypes

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology
  • Gene Therapy

Background:

  • Viruses possess natural mechanisms for efficient genome delivery into host cells.
  • Viral vectors, including lentiviral vectors (LVs), are engineered for controlled gene transfer.
  • LVs are widely used due to their efficient transduction of mammalian cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of viral envelope pseudotypes used with lentiviral vectors.
  • To discuss the specificities, advantages, and drawbacks of various pseudotyped LVs.
  • To highlight how engineered viral envelopes expand the toolbox for targeted gene delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on lentiviral vector pseudotyping.
  • Analysis of different viral envelope proteins used for LV pseudotyping.
  • Comparison of tropism, transduction efficiency, and limitations of various pseudotypes.

Main Results:

  • Lentiviral vectors can be pseudotyped with diverse viral envelopes to modify tropism.
  • Vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSVG) is a common but not exclusive envelope used for pseudotyping.
  • Pseudotyping enables targeted transduction of specific cell types, with ongoing research uncovering new specificities and limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Pseudotyping with various viral envelopes significantly enhances the versatility of lentiviral vectors.
  • Understanding the specificities and drawbacks of different pseudotypes is crucial for optimizing gene delivery.
  • Continued research into viral envelope engineering will expand the capabilities of lentiviral vectors for therapeutic applications.