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Continuous Fluorescence-Based Endonuclease-Coupled DNA Methylation Assay to Screen for DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitors
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The role of TET-mediated DNA hydroxymethylation in prostate cancer

E Smeets1, A G Lynch2, S Prekovic1

  • 1Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
|September 6, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins regulate DNA demethylation, impacting neural and tumor development. This review explores TETs and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in prostate cancer pathogenesis and detection methods.

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins are dioxygenases involved in DNA demethylation.
  • They catalyze the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), a stable epigenetic mark.
  • Dysregulation of TET proteins and 5hmC profiles is observed in various cancers, including prostate cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of TET expression and function regulation in development and cancer.
  • To examine the impact of 5hmC on prostate cancer.
  • To summarize methods for detecting and quantifying 5hmC levels.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advances in TET protein function and epigenetic modifications.
  • Analysis of the role of 5hmC in prostate cancer pathogenesis.
  • Compilation of techniques for 5hmC detection and quantification.

Main Results:

  • TET proteins and 5hmC play critical roles in physiological and pathological processes, including neural and tumor development.
  • Altered TET expression and 5hmC distribution are linked to prostate cancer.
  • Various methods exist for assessing global and locus-specific 5hmC levels.

Conclusions:

  • TET proteins and 5hmC are crucial epigenetic regulators with significant implications in prostate cancer.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms linking TETs, 5hmC, and prostate cancer.
  • Advances in detection techniques facilitate the study of 5hmC in cancer research.
Keywords:
5hmCDNA hydroxymethylationEpigeneticsProstate cancerTET

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