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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 23, 2026

Electrophysiological Recording from Drosophila Trichoid Sensilla in Response to Odorants of Low Volatility
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Odorant Receptor Sensitivity Modulation in Drosophila.

Hao Guo1, Kishor Kunwar1, Dean Smith2,3

  • 1Departments of Pharmacology and.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|September 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Olfactory receptor co-receptor (Orco) dephosphorylation reduces odorant sensitivity in Drosophila. This phosphorylation is regulated by neuronal activity and is crucial for odor-guided behaviors in insects.

Keywords:
DrosophilaOrcodesensitizationolfactionphosphorylation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Modulating sensory system sensitivity is vital for processing environmental stimuli.
  • Mechanisms regulating sensitivity in insect olfactory neurons remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of olfactory receptor co-receptor (Orco) phosphorylation in regulating odorant sensitivity in Drosophila.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms controlling Orco phosphorylation and its impact on olfactory perception and behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Drosophila olfactory mutants (Orco S289A, phosphomimetic Orco), phospho-specific antiserum, and in vivo assays.
  • Examined Orco phosphorylation dynamics in response to odorant exposure and neuronal activity.
  • Assessed odorant sensitivity and odor-guided behaviors in wild-type and mutant flies.

Main Results:

  • Dephosphorylation of Orco at S289 upon prolonged odor exposure reduces odorant sensitivity in Drosophila olfactory neurons.
  • Orco phosphorylation is dynamically regulated by odorant exposure and neuronal activity, independent of receptor localization.
  • Mutants with impaired Orco phosphorylation regulation exhibit defects in odor-guided behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • Orco dephosphorylation at S289 is a key mechanism for reducing odorant sensitivity in Drosophila.
  • Neuronal activity triggers Orco phosphorylation changes, impacting olfactory receptor function and behavior.
  • This phosphorylation-dependent regulation of Orco is conserved in insects and presents a potential target for behavioral manipulation.