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Healing Response of a Structural Hamstring Injury: Perfusion Imaging 8-Week Follow-Up
Context:
Hamstring injuries are frequently observed in various sports disciplines both in elite and recreational sport.
Objective:
To quantify intramuscular tissue perfusion via contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the acute phase and during the healing of a structural muscle injury confirmed by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging.
Design:
Case study.
Setting:
Laboratory environment.
Patient:
A 32-year-old wakeboarder (height = 176 cm, body weight = 76 kg, and body mass index = 24.5 kg/m2) with an acute indirect muscle injury of the semimembranosus muscle.
Main Outcome Measures:
Average values of quantifiable contrast-enhanced ultrasound, represented as peak enhancement and wash-in area under the curve, as well as conventional ultrasound, 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging were assessed at 48-hour, 3-week, and 8-week postinjury.
Results:
Average values of the quantitative perfusion analysis at 48-hour and 8-week postinjury revealed an approximate 5-fold increase in peak enhancement, and the wash-in area under the curve increased more than 3-fold in the center of the lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging, performed 48 hours after the injury to gather reference data as gold standard, revealed a grade III structural muscle tear.
Conclusions:
The authors are able to demonstrate significant changes in intramuscular tissue perfusion in the center of the structural lesion as well as in the adjacent tissue. Quantifiable contrast-enhanced ultrasound seems to be able to gather relevant data for the assessment and monitoring of muscle injuries and could be established as a valuable tool for further studies focusing on healing processes or therapeutic interventions.