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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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Mitochondria01:37

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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

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Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Emerging Omics Approaches in Aging Research.

Jared S Lorusso1, Oleg A Sviderskiy2, Vyacheslav M Labunskyy1

  • 11 Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts.

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
|September 7, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding aging requires integrating complex molecular, cellular, and organismal data. High-throughput omics technologies offer new ways to study aging, but data integration remains a key challenge for future research.

Keywords:
agingmetabolomicsnext-generation sequencingproteomicssystems biologytranslational regulation

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Molecular Biology
  • Genomics and Systems Biology

Background:

  • Aging is a multifaceted process influenced by genetics and environment.
  • Molecular mechanisms underlying aging are not fully understood.
  • Studying aging necessitates integrating data across multiple biological levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in omics approaches for aging research.
  • To discuss challenges in integrating and interpreting high-throughput data.
  • To highlight future directions for aging research.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing high-throughput technologies like next-generation sequencing, proteomics, and metabolomics.
  • Employing automated imaging techniques for large-scale data acquisition.
  • Leveraging systems biology tools for network analysis.

Main Results:

  • High-throughput technologies enable simultaneous monitoring of millions of biological molecules.
  • Significant challenges exist in integrating and interpreting big data from omics studies.
  • Further development of data integration methods is crucial.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating omics data with single-cell analysis and systems biology can reveal aging mechanisms.
  • Understanding perturbed networks in aging and disease is key.
  • This research can provide insights into age-associated human diseases.