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Arterial Wall Characteristics in Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease. Preliminary Data Obtained at Different

Fiore Valerio1, Pedri Stefano2, Kozakova Michaela2,3

  • 11 Medical General Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

Angiology
|September 7, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Vascular differences exist between the common carotid artery (CCA) and common femoral artery (CFA). CFA parameters are less affected by aging, offering unique insights into atherosclerosis compared to CCA.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular biology and imaging
  • Cardiovascular disease research
  • Arterial biomechanics

Background:

  • The common carotid artery (CCA) and common femoral artery (CFA) exhibit distinct characteristics.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for assessing arterial health and disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare intima-media thickness (IMT), diameter, and stiffness of the CCA and CFA.
  • To evaluate these parameters in healthy individuals, patients with cardiovascular risk factors (CV-RFs), and peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients.
  • To assess the influence of aging and CV-RFs on CCA and CFA vascular properties.

Main Methods:

  • Radiofrequency-based ultrasound (Rf-US) was employed to measure CCA and CFA IMT, diameter, and pulse wave velocity (PWV).
  • The study included 50 healthy controls, 50 patients with CV-RFs, and 50 patients with PAD.
  • Vascular parameters were correlated with age and ankle-brachial index (ABI).

Main Results:

  • CFA-IMT was elevated in both CV-RF and PAD groups; CCA-IMT was elevated only in PAD.
  • PAD patients showed increased CCA diameter and decreased CFA diameter.
  • CCA and CFA PWV increased in PAD patients; age correlated with CCA but not CFA parameters.
  • CFA-PWV inversely correlated with ABI.

Conclusions:

  • CFA vascular parameters are less influenced by aging than CCA parameters.
  • CFA parameters may offer additional insights into the atherosclerotic process.
  • Rf-US is a valuable tool for comprehensive arterial evaluation, including age and risk factor impact.

Keywords:
arterial stiffnesscardiovascular risk factorscommon carotid arterycommon femoral arteryintima-media thicknessperipheral arterial diseaseradiofrequency-based ultrasound

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