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Functional Capacity in Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Camila Wohlgemuth Schaan1, Aline Chagastelles Pinto de Macedo1, Graciele Sbruzzi2

  • 1Instituto de Cardiologia, Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia
|September 7, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Children and adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) exhibit reduced exercise capacity, specifically lower maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and heart rate (HR), compared to healthy peers. This systematic review highlights significant functional deficits in young patients with CHD.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) frequently impacts exercise capacity in children and adolescents.
  • Functional testing is crucial for evaluating these alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the functional capacity of pediatric and adolescent populations with CHD.
  • To compare exercise parameters between individuals with CHD and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and clinical trial data.
  • Inclusion of studies evaluating functional capacity via cardiopulmonary exercise tests, stress tests, 6-minute walk tests, or step tests.
  • Quantitative assessment focused on maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and maximum heart rate (HR).

Main Results:

  • Twenty-five studies met inclusion criteria, involving children and adolescents aged 6-18 years.
  • Patients with CHD demonstrated a significantly lower VO2max (decrease of 9.31 ml/Kg/min) compared to controls.
  • A meta-analysis revealed a lower maximum heart rate (HR) by -15.14 bpm in the CHD group versus controls.

Conclusions:

  • Children and adolescents with CHD exhibit diminished VO2max and HR.
  • These findings underscore the reduced exercise capacity associated with congenital heart disease in pediatric populations.
Abstract

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