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Quantification of Contraction Synchronicity and Contraction Work in Coronary Artery Disease

Takanaga Niimi1, Mamoru Nanasato2, Hisatoshi Maeda3

  • 1Department of Radiological Technology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, 2-9 Myouken-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8650 Japan.

Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
|September 8, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Coronary artery disease (CAD) significantly reduces heart contraction synchronicity and work in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The QSFP method effectively detects this asynchrony for CAD diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is a critical indicator of cardiac dysfunction.
  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of heart failure and reduced LVEF.
  • Quantifying myocardial contraction patterns is essential for understanding cardiac health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify contraction synchronicity (CS) and contraction work (CW) in patients with CAD and reduced LVEF.
  • To compare CS and CW between CAD patients and control subjects.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of CS and CW for CAD detection.

Main Methods:

  • Electrocardiography-gated single-photon emission computed tomography (ECG SPECT) was used to measure CS, CW, and LVEF in 104 subjects (54 with CAD, 50 controls).
  • An in-house program, Quantification of Segmental Function by Solving the Poisson Equation (QSFP), was employed to evaluate contraction amplitude (CA), synchronous contraction index (SCI), and CW.
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess diagnostic performance.

Main Results:

  • CAD patients exhibited significantly lower mean CA, SCI, and CW compared to control subjects.
  • Patients with LVEF <40% showed markedly reduced CA, SCI, and CW.
  • ROC analysis indicated strong diagnostic performance for CA (AUC=0.81), CS (AUC=0.86), CW (AUC=0.78), and LVEF (AUC=0.84) in identifying CAD.

Conclusions:

  • Myocardial asynchrony, as assessed by the QSFP program, is a valuable indicator in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease.
  • The findings highlight the potential of quantifying contraction patterns for non-invasive CAD detection.
Abstract

Keywords:
Contraction amplitudeContraction synchronicityContraction workCoronary artery diseaseLeft ventricular ejection fraction

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