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[Virus-associated arthritis].

F Günther1, M Fleck2,3, B Bach2

  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Rheumatologie/klinische Immunologie, Asklepios Klinikum Bad Abbach, Kaiser-Karl V.-Allee 3, 93077, Bad Abbach, Deutschland. f.guenther@asklepios.com.

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|September 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Viral infections can cause acute arthritis, mimicking rheumatoid arthritis. Diagnosis often involves antibody testing, though joint fluid analysis is rarely conclusive for this viral arthritis.

Keywords:
DiagnosisEpidemiologyPathogenesisTherapyVirus

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Approximately 1% of acute arthritis cases may stem from viral infections.
  • Viral arthritis can present similarly to rheumatoid arthritis, with symmetrical polyarticular disease, rash, and flu-like symptoms.
  • Potential mechanisms include direct viral invasion of synovium, immune responses to viral antigens, or induced autoimmunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the viral etiology of acute arthritis.
  • To discuss diagnostic methods and clinical presentation of viral arthritis.
  • To review the course and potential complications of viral arthritis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data on viral arthritis.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations and diagnostic approaches.
  • Discussion of pathogenetic mechanisms and disease outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Serological testing for specific IgM and IgG antibodies is a common diagnostic tool for viral arthritis.
  • Direct virus isolation or nucleic acid detection in joint fluid is infrequently successful and not always definitive.
  • Viral arthritis is typically self-limiting, but prolonged disease courses are possible.

Conclusions:

  • Viral infections are an identified cause of acute arthritis, necessitating consideration in differential diagnoses.
  • Diagnostic strategies for viral arthritis primarily rely on serological evidence.
  • While often resolving spontaneously, the potential for persistent viral arthritis warrants recognition.