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Management of paediatric acute mastoiditis: systematic review
R Loh1, M Phua1, C-K L Shaw1
1Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Modbury Hospital,Adelaide,Australia.
Insights
Conservative treatment is effective for acute mastoiditis in children. This review suggests conservative therapy as a suitable first-line approach for uncomplicated cases, offering high efficacy.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Acute mastoiditis is a common complication of otitis media in children.
- Current diagnostic and management strategies lack consensus, leading to varied treatment approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing literature on pediatric acute mastoiditis.
- To propose management recommendations and evaluate treatment outcomes.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature review was performed.
- Databases searched included PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library.
Main Results:
- Twenty-one studies comprising 564 patients were analyzed.
- Medical treatment achieved a 95.9% cure rate, conservative surgery 96.3%, and mastoidectomy 89.1%.
Conclusions:
- Mastoidectomy offers definitive treatment but conservative therapy shows high efficacy.
- Conservative treatment is a viable and effective first-line option for uncomplicated acute mastoiditis.
Background:
Acute mastoiditis remains the commonest intratemporal complication of otitis media in the paediatric population. There has been a lack of consensus regarding the diagnosis and management of acute mastoiditis, resulting in considerable disparity in conservative and surgical management.
Objectives:
To review the current literature, proposing recommendations for the management of paediatric acute mastoiditis and appraising the treatment outcomes.
Method:
A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases.
Results:
Twenty-one studies were included, with a total of 564 patients. Cure rates of medical treatment, conservative surgery and mastoidectomy were 95.9 per cent, 96.3 per cent and 89.1 per cent, respectively.
Conclusion:
Mastoidectomy may be the most definitive treatment available; however, reviewed data suggest that conservative treatment alone has high efficacy as first-line treatment in uncomplicated cases of acute mastoiditis, and conservative therapy may be an appropriate first-line management when treating acute mastoiditis.
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