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Cortical Bone Assessment Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves: A Reproducibility Study in a Healthy Population

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Towards assessing cortical bone porosity using low-frequency quantitative acoustics: A phantom-based study.

Florian Vogl¹, Benjamin Bernet¹, Daniele Bolognesi¹

¹Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

|September 8, 2017

Summary

Quantitative acoustics can detect changes in bone porosity, a key factor in osteoporosis. This study used bone phantoms to show acoustics can assess bone health non-invasively.

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A Sectioning, Coring, and Image Processing Guide for High-Throughput Cortical Bone Sample Procurement and Analysis for Synchrotron Micro-CT

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Published on: June 12, 2020

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science
Acoustics

Background:

Cortical bone porosity significantly impacts bone structure and mechanical properties.
Osteoporosis and other bone pathologies are linked to changes in bone porosity.
Axial transmission quantitative acoustics offers a non-invasive, radiation-free method for bone health assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the sensitivity of low-frequency quantitative acoustics to variations in bone porosity.
To systematically assess the influence of individual pore characteristics on acoustic wave propagation.
To address the challenge of disentangling the effects of various bone properties on wave propagation.

Main Methods:

Manufactured 14 cortical bone phantoms with controlled porosity (0-15%) using laser sintering.
Measured wave propagation in phantoms using axial-transmission acoustics.
Analyzed experimental data with a full-wave approach and compared to modified Timoshenko theory.

Main Results:

Phase velocity showed a clear dependence on frequency and porosity.
Velocity decreased by 2-5 m/s per 1% increase in porosity.
Additive manufacturing enabled systematic assessment of porosity effects on wave propagation.

Conclusions:

Low-frequency quantitative acoustics can effectively detect changes in bone porosity and pore characteristics.
Additive manufacturing is suitable for creating bone phantoms to study acoustic properties.
This research paves the way for multi-frequency acoustic methods to diagnose and monitor bone diseases.