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Oleanane-type triterpene saponins from Calendula stellata.

Meryem Lehbili¹, Abdulmagid Alabdul Magid², Ahmed Kabouche³

¹Université des frères Mentouri-Constantine, Département de chimie, Laboratoire d'Obtention des Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Campus Chaabet-Ersas, 25000 Constantine, Algeria; ICMR-UMR CNRS 7312, Groupe Isolement et Structure, Campus Sciences, Bât. 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims, France.

|September 8, 2017

Summary

Five new saponins from Calendula stellata showed antibacterial activity, with calendustellatoside D being highly effective against Enterococcus faecalis. Some compounds also displayed low cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines.

Keywords:

Antibacterial activity Asteraceae Calendula stellata Cytotoxic activity Flavonoids Triterpenoid saponins

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Area of Science:

Phytochemistry
Natural Products Chemistry
Pharmacology

Background:

Calendula stellata (Asteraceae) is a plant source of bioactive compounds.
Triterpenoid saponins are a class of natural products with diverse biological activities.
Understanding the chemical constituents and bioactivities of medicinal plants is crucial for drug discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

To isolate and characterize new bisdesmosidic triterpenoid saponins from Calendula stellata.
To evaluate the antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds.

Main Methods:

Extraction of Calendula stellata whole plant using 70% ethanol.
Isolation and structure elucidation of compounds using 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry.
Determination of antibacterial activity via bioautography and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays.
Evaluation of cytotoxic activity against fibrosarcoma (HT1080) and lung cancer (A549) cell lines.

Main Results:

Five new bisdesmosidic triterpenoid saponins, calendustellatosides A-E, were isolated along with fifteen known compounds.
Calendustellatoside D demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, comparable to antibiotics.
Calendustellatosides B and D showed low cytotoxic activity against the HT1080 cell line with IC50 values of 47 ± 0.6 μM and 39 ± 0.5 μM, respectively.

Conclusions:

Calendula stellata is a rich source of novel bisdesmosidic triterpenoid saponins.
Calendustellatoside D possesses potent antibacterial properties, suggesting its potential therapeutic applications.
The isolated saponins warrant further investigation for their pharmacological potential.