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Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
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Nomograms and tabulations are vital tools used by clinicians to design accurate and individualized dosage regimens. These instruments provide a straightforward method for adjusting dosages based on individual patient characteristics, including age, weight, and physiological condition. The foundation of a drug's nomogram is population pharmacokinetic data collected and analyzed using specific models. This data simplifies complex equations, presenting them diagrammatically or tabularly for easy...
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Optimizing antimicrobial prescribing: a practical decalogue.

E Moreno-García, J García Rodríguez, J R Paño-Pardo1

  • 1José Ramón Paño-Pardo, Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Clínico Universitario "Lozano Blesa" Avenida San Juan Bosco 15. 50009 Zaragoza, Spain. jrpanno@salud.aragon.es.

Revista Espanola De Quimioterapia : Publicacion Oficial De La Sociedad Espanola De Quimioterapia
|September 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antibiotic resistance is a major global health threat due to slowed drug development. Improving antimicrobial prescribing is crucial for patient outcomes and controlling resistance, with key strategies outlined.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Antibiotic resistance poses a significant global challenge, exacerbated by a slowdown in new antimicrobial drug development over the past two decades.
  • Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant microorganisms lead to prolonged hospital stays, increased mortality rates, and higher healthcare costs.
  • The diminishing pipeline of antimicrobial agents necessitates a focus on optimizing the use of existing therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical issue of rising antibiotic resistance worldwide.
  • To emphasize the importance of improving antimicrobial prescribing practices.
  • To provide actionable strategies for optimizing antimicrobial use in clinical settings.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on antibiotic resistance trends.
  • Analysis of the impact of antibiotic resistance on patient outcomes and healthcare systems.
  • Development of a set of key messages for improving antimicrobial prescribing.

Main Results:

  • Antimicrobial drug development has significantly decelerated in the last 20 years.
  • Antibiotic-resistant infections are linked to adverse clinical and economic consequences.
  • Effective antimicrobial stewardship is a vital component in managing infections and combating resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing antimicrobial prescribing is an essential strategy to improve patient care for moderate to severe infections.
  • Implementing evidence-based prescribing practices can help mitigate the spread of antibiotic resistance.
  • A decalogue of key messages offers practical guidance for healthcare professionals to enhance antimicrobial stewardship.