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New chitosan floating formulations deliver acyclovir effectively in the stomach. These lyophilized systems, optimized for drug release, show promise for gastric drug delivery applications.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Gastric drug delivery faces challenges due to variable pH.
  • Chitosan (CS) is a promising biopolymer for drug formulation.
  • Acyclovir (ACV) is an antiviral medication requiring effective delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize chitosan-based floating lyophilized formulations for gastric acyclovir delivery.
  • To investigate the influence of physiological pH variations on formulation performance.
  • To optimize acyclovir/chitosan ratios for controlled drug release and buoyancy.

Main Methods:

  • Freeze-drying of acyclovir/chitosan suspensions.
  • X-ray diffraction for crystallinity analysis.
  • In vitro swelling and dissolution studies in acidic media (0.1 M HCl, progressive pH).
  • Buoyancy tests for floatability assessment.

Main Results:

  • Freeze-drying did not alter acyclovir crystallinity.
  • Swelling and dissolution were dependent on chitosan/acyclovir ratios and medium pH.
  • No solid-state interactions between acyclovir and chitosan were detected.
  • Optimized formulations exhibited sustained acyclovir release and effective buoyancy.

Conclusions:

  • Chitosan floating lyophilized formulations are suitable for gastric acyclovir delivery.
  • Formulation parameters can be adjusted to control drug release profiles.
  • The developed systems remain in the stomach, ensuring prolonged drug exposure.