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Absorption in Sport: A Cross-Validation Study.

Stefan Koehn1, Nektarios A M Stavrou2,3, Jeremy Cogley1

  • 1School of Health Sciences, Liverpool Hope UniversityLiverpool, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Psychology
|September 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed and validated the Measure of Absorption in Sport Contexts (MASCs), a new tool to assess deep involvement in sports. This validated scale offers new research opportunities in sport psychology for understanding absorption and related concepts.

Keywords:
absorptioncross-validationflowreliabilityvalidity

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Area of Science:

  • Sport Psychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Absorption is a key psychological construct representing deep task involvement, encompassing experiential, cognitive, and motivational aspects.
  • Existing research lacks a specific operationalization for absorption, hindering empirical investigation, particularly within sport contexts.
  • The modified Tellegen Absorption Scale (MODTAS) has been used in general psychology, but a sport-specific adaptation is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and examine the psychometric properties of a sport-specific measure of absorption, the Measure of Absorption in Sport Contexts (MASCs).
  • To provide evidence for the reliability and validity of the MASCs for use in sport psychology research.
  • To adapt and refine items from the MODTAS for a sport-specific context.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an item pool based on the MODTAS, reworded and translated into a sport context.
  • Cross-sectional design with a calibration sample (n=292) from Scotland and a cross-validation sample (n=314) from Australia.
  • Psychometric examination using congeneric model testing, confirmatory factor analysis, and multi-group invariance testing.

Main Results:

  • The final 18-item, six-factor MASCs demonstrated excellent fit indices in the cross-validation sample (CFI=0.957, TLI=0.945, RMSEA=0.045, SRMR=0.044).
  • Subscales showed acceptable internal consistency and construct reliability (≥0.70) in the cross-validation sample.
  • Multi-group invariance testing indicated no significant differences in item meaning across samples, except for two items. Moderate-to-strong positive correlations were found between MASCs and the Dispositional Flow Scale-2, supporting external validity.

Conclusions:

  • The MASCs is a psychometrically sound, reliable, and valid measure for assessing absorption in sport contexts.
  • The scale provides a valuable tool for advancing theoretical understanding of absorption and related constructs in sport psychology.
  • The MASCs facilitates future intervention studies aimed at enhancing athletes' deep involvement and performance.