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Hamstring injuries: update article.

Lucio Ernlund1, Lucas de Almeida Vieira1

  • 1Instituto de Joelho e Ombro, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.

Revista Brasileira De Ortopedia
|September 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hamstring injuries are common in sports, often leading to lengthy recovery and re-injury. Eccentric strengthening programs are key for preventing initial hamstring injuries and recurrences.

Keywords:
Athletic injuriesMuscle skeletal/injuriesReturn to sport

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Hamstring (HS) muscle injuries are the most frequent sports-related injuries, characterized by prolonged rehabilitation and high recurrence rates.
  • The hamstring group comprises the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus muscles, with injury presentation varying from strains to proximal avulsions.
  • Previous injury is the most significant risk factor for hamstring injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis, classification, treatment, and prevention of hamstring injuries.
  • To highlight the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing and classifying HS injuries.
  • To discuss current treatment strategies and the importance of prevention programs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on hamstring injuries, including diagnostic imaging and classification systems.
  • Analysis of conservative and surgical treatment approaches for HS injuries.
  • Evaluation of the efficacy of eccentric strengthening for injury prevention and recurrence reduction.

Main Results:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard for diagnosing and classifying hamstring injuries.
  • Conservative treatment with anti-inflammatories and rehabilitation is common; surgical repair shows promise for proximal avulsions.
  • Return to play criteria include pain resolution, restored strength and flexibility, and ability to perform sport-specific movements.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of hamstring injuries requires accurate diagnosis, appropriate classification, and tailored rehabilitation.
  • Eccentric strengthening exercises are crucial for both primary prevention and secondary prevention of hamstring injury recurrence.
  • A comprehensive approach integrating clinical assessment, imaging, and targeted exercise is vital for optimal patient outcomes.