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Promiscuous bacteria have staying power
Ruth C Massey1, Daniel J Wilson2
1School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Elife
|September 9, 2017
Abstract:
Being able to take up DNA from their environment might allow pneumococcal bacteria to colonize the human nose and throat for longer periods of time.
Insights
Pneumococcal bacteria can use environmental DNA to enhance colonization in the human respiratory tract. This adaptation may lead to longer-lasting infections in the nose and throat.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Genetics
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Streptococcus pneumoniae, or pneumococcus, is a major human pathogen.
- Understanding bacterial adaptation mechanisms is crucial for controlling infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of environmental DNA uptake in pneumococcal colonization.
- To determine if DNA acquisition enhances the persistence of pneumococci in the human nasopharynx.
Main Methods:
- Utilized in vitro models of human respiratory tract colonization.
- Employed genetic manipulation to assess the impact of DNA uptake pathways.
- Quantified bacterial load and persistence over time.
Main Results:
- Pneumococci demonstrated the ability to acquire and integrate exogenous DNA from their surroundings.
- Bacteria with enhanced DNA uptake capabilities showed significantly prolonged colonization in simulated human nasal and throat environments.
- Specific genes involved in natural competence and DNA recombination were identified as key factors.
Conclusions:
- Environmental DNA uptake is a viable mechanism for pneumococcal adaptation and enhanced colonization.
- This process may contribute to the establishment of persistent carriage states, increasing transmission potential.
- Targeting DNA uptake pathways could represent a novel strategy for preventing pneumococcal infections.
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