Medical Encounters During a Joint Canadian/U.S. Exercise in the High Arctic (Exercise Arctic Ram)

The Arctic Ram Exercise was conducted in February 2016, near Resolute Bay on Cornwallis Island in Nunavut, Canada, to demonstrate the ability of the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) to rapidly deploy to the arctic as an immediate response team. This report describes medical problems experienced by the 187 CAF and 28 U.S. forces involved in the exercise. Sixty-six airborne soldiers performed tactical static line jumps and linked up with soldiers on the ground for the exercise. Medical events were recorded by medics on the drop zone and by medical personnel at the Unit Medical Station in Resolute Bay. Average temperature during the exercise was -21°C and wind chill was -44°C. Two U.S. soldiers were injured in association with the jump and an additional 62 patients presented at the clinic during the exercise for an overall medical event incidence of 30%. The incidence of frostbite was 17%. At the end of the exercise, a physician actively examined CAF soldiers in one unit (n = 126) and found that 21% had experienced frostbite. The incidence of frostbite was high in this exercise compared to past cold-weather military operations, likely related to the very low temperatures and wind chills.