Rapid detection of fifteen known soybean viruses by dot-immunobinding assay

Area of Science:

• Plant Pathology
• Virology
• Agricultural Science

Background:

• Soybean (Glycine max) is a vital crop susceptible to numerous viral infections.
• Accurate and rapid virus detection is crucial for effective disease management and yield protection.
• Previous surveys in Oklahoma had limited scope regarding the diversity of soybean viruses.

Purpose of the Study:

• To optimize and apply a dot-immunobinding assay (DIBA) for the simultaneous detection of 15 known soybean viruses.
• To assess the incidence and distribution of these viruses in commercial soybean fields in Oklahoma.
• To identify previously unreported viruses in Oklahoma soybean populations.

Main Methods:

• Optimization of a dot-immunobinding assay (DIBA) for high throughput screening.
• Collection and testing of over 1000 soybean leaf samples from 100 commercial fields across 24 Oklahoma counties (2012-2013).
• Use of polyclonal antibodies specific to 15 known plant viruses for DIBA analysis.

Main Results:

• The DIBA successfully detected 13 out of 15 target viruses in the sampled soybean fields.
• Eight of the detected viruses were identified for the first time in Oklahoma soybean crops.
• Peanut mottle virus (PeMoV) showed the highest incidence (13.5%), followed by Soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV) (6.9%), Tobacco streak virus (TSV) (6.4%), and Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) (4.5%).

Conclusions:

• The optimized DIBA is a rapid, economical, and effective tool for screening large numbers of plant samples for multiple viruses.
• The study significantly expanded the known viral disease profile of soybean in Oklahoma, highlighting PeMoV and SVNV as prevalent threats.
• Findings underscore the need for ongoing surveillance and integrated management strategies to mitigate virus impact on soybean production in the region.