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Evaluation of loading parameters for murine axial tibial loading: Stimulating cortical bone formation while reducing

David Sun^1,2, Michael D Brodt¹, Heather M Zannit^1,2

¹Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in Saint Louis, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110.

Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society

|September 10, 2017

Summary

This study optimized mechanical loading parameters for bone formation in mice. Reducing daily cycles and study length effectively stimulates periosteal bone growth without compromising results.

Keywords:

bone formation bone mechanobiology in vivo mechanical loading mouse model mouse tibial loading

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Area of Science:

Bone mechanobiology
Skeletal response to mechanical loading
Cortical bone adaptation

Background:

Classic bone mechanobiology studies highlighted loading parameters' anabolic effects.
Previous research often used outdated methods and non-murine models.

Purpose of the Study:

Re-evaluate loading parameters' impact on cortical bone response.
Utilize a contemporary murine axial tibial compression model.
Optimize loading protocols for bone formation studies.

Main Methods:

Subjected tibias of 5-month-old female C57Bl/6 mice to cyclic mechanical loading (4 Hz).
Assessed bone formation using dynamic and static histomorphometry.
Varied peak strain magnitude, daily cycle number, loading frequency, and study duration.

Main Results:

Peak strain magnitude significantly influenced periosteal bone formation (Ps.MS/BS, Ps.BFR/BS).
Reduced daily cycles (60-300) did not diminish bone formation.
Decreased loading frequency (3 vs. 5 days/week) significantly reduced periosteal response.
Study duration reduction (1 vs. 2 weeks) did not affect outcomes.

Conclusions:

Optimized protocol: -1,800 μϵ peak strain, 4 Hz, 60 cycles/day, 5 days/week (1 week) stimulates periosteal lamellar bone.
Loading duration (daily cycles, study length) can be reduced without losing anabolic effect.
Findings provide a basis for more efficient bone mechanobiology research.