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Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 23, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection
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Activating attachment representations during memory retrieval modulates intrusive traumatic memories.

Richard A Bryant1, Iris Chan1

  • 1University of New South Wales, Australia.

Consciousness and Cognition
|September 10, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Priming attachment security reduced distress and subsequent intrusive memories from negative images. Avoidant attachment styles, however, were unaffected by this priming.

Keywords:
Attachment theoryIntrusive memoriesMemoryMemory reconsolidation

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Attachment Theory

Background:

  • Priming mental representations of attachment security is known to reduce arousal.
  • However, the impact of attachment on retrieving emotionally charged memories remains under-explored.
  • This study addresses the gap by examining attachment security's effect on emotional memory retrieval.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how priming attachment security influences the retrieval of emotional memories.
  • To assess the impact of attachment priming on distress and intrusive memories.
  • To explore whether attachment style moderates the effects of attachment priming.

Main Methods:

  • Seventy-five participants viewed negative and neutral images.
  • Two days later, participants received either an attachment security prime or a control prime.
  • Free recall of images was conducted, followed by reporting of subsequent negative image intrusions.

Main Results:

  • Participants in the attachment prime group reported less distress and fewer subsequent intrusions compared to the control group.
  • Attachment style moderated these effects; individuals with an avoidant attachment style showed no significant impact from the attachment prime.
  • These findings indicate a specific effect of attachment priming on emotional memory processing.

Conclusions:

  • Priming attachment security effectively decreases distress during memory reactivation.
  • This intervention may serve as a mechanism to reduce the frequency of subsequent intrusive memories.
  • The findings highlight the role of attachment styles, particularly avoidant attachment, in moderating these effects.