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Despite epinephrine being the primary treatment for anaphylaxis, its use is often delayed or infrequent. This review highlights persistent gaps in epinephrine autoinjector (EAI) training, prescription, and patient adherence to guidelines.

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Anaphylaxis management relies on prompt epinephrine administration.
  • Gaps exist in epinephrine autoinjector (EAI) prescription, training, and utilization.
  • Existing literature on EAIs published between 2015-2017 was reviewed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on epinephrine autoinjectors (EAIs).
  • To identify persistent gaps in anaphylaxis management and EAI use.
  • To assess unmet patient needs and barriers to guideline adherence.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic database search was conducted for publications from January 2015 to February 2017.
  • Keywords included "epinephrine autoinjector" (EAI) functionality, prescription, training, and carriage.
  • 19 eligible studies focusing on patients at risk, caregivers, and healthcare professionals were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Identified gaps in anaphylaxis management, including infrequent epinephrine use, persist.
  • EAI training remains inadequate, and prescription rates are suboptimal.
  • Patient needs are largely unmet, with limited research on best practices and adherence strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Existing challenges in anaphylaxis management and EAI utilization require urgent attention.
  • Further research is needed to improve EAI prescription, training, and patient adherence to guidelines.
  • Integrated knowledge translation strategies are essential to bridge the gap between guidelines and clinical practice.