Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Predictors of Right Ventricular Pacing in Patients Undergoing Implantable Defibrillator Placement.

Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology·2025

Same author

Atrial cardiomyopathy revisited-evolution of a concept: a clinical consensus statement of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC, the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), the Asian Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS).

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2024

Same author

Observational study protocol for an arrhythmia notification feature.

BMJ open·2024

Same author

Remote digital health technologies for improving the care of people with respiratory disorders.

The Lancet. Digital health·2024

Same author

Does clinical research account for diversity in deploying digital health technologies?

NPJ digital medicine·2023

Same author

PPP1R12C Promotes Atrial Hypocontractility in Atrial Fibrillation.

Circulation research·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 23, 2026

High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation

High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: July 29, 2011

A method for quantifying recurrent patterns of local wavefront direction during atrial fibrillation.

James P Hummel¹, Alex Baher², Ben Buck¹

¹Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Computers in Biology and Medicine

|September 11, 2017

Summary

This study introduces a new method using bipolar electrograms to differentiate spiral wave reentry from wavelet breakup in atrial fibrillation (AF). The technique successfully distinguished these mechanisms, offering a novel approach for AF research.

Keywords:

Atrial fibrillation Computer modeling Multiple wavelet reentry Nonlinear dynamics Recurrence quantification analysis Spiral wave Wavefront direction

More Related Videos

Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: July 20, 2022

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System

Published on: April 11, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 23, 2026

High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation

High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: July 29, 2011

Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: July 20, 2022

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System

Published on: April 11, 2025

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Computational Biology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Atrial fibrillation (AF) mechanisms, specifically spiral wave reentry and multiple wavelet breakup, are difficult to distinguish using standard bipolar recordings.
Existing clinical methods lack the precision to differentiate complex AF dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel methodology for differentiating spiral wave reentry from wavelet breakup in AF using bipolar electrogram analysis.
To assess the efficacy of Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA) applied to estimated wavefront direction (Egm-C) for distinguishing AF mechanisms.

Main Methods:

A 2D computer simulation modeled regions of stable spiral wave reentry and wavelet breakup.
A grid of unipolar electrodes recorded local intracellular signals to determine actual wavefront direction (WD).
Electrogram conformation (Egm-C) was calculated from bipolar electrogram morphology to estimate wavefront direction, and RQA was applied to both Egm-C and WD.

Main Results:

Both RQA of actual WD and Egm-C effectively differentiated spiral wave reentry from wavelet breakup.
High correlations were observed between RQA of Egm-C and RQA of actual WD (recurrence rate, r=0.96; determinism, r=0.61; line max, r=0.95; entropy, r=0.84; p<0.001).
Spiral wave reentry regions showed stable, periodic dynamics in recurrence plots, contrasting with the chaotic behavior in wavelet breakup regions.

Conclusions:

Calculating Egm-C enables RQA on bipolar electrograms during AF.
This new methodology successfully differentiates regions of spiral wave reentry from multiple wavelet breakup, offering a significant advancement in AF mechanism analysis.