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Pediatric respiratory tract diseases: Chronological trends and perspectives

Houda Ben Ayed1, Sourour Yaïch1, Maïssa Ben Jmaa1

  • 1Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia.

Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
|September 12, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Childhood respiratory tract diseases (RTD) in Sfax, Tunisia, show increasing trends, particularly acute bronchitis and asthma, posing a significant health concern. Urgent preventive and curative strategies are needed to address rising morbidity and mortality.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Childhood respiratory tract diseases (RTD) represent a significant public health issue.
  • Understanding the epidemiological profile and trends of RTD is crucial for effective healthcare planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the epidemiological profile of childhood RTD in Sfax, Tunisia.
  • To evaluate the 13-year trends in childhood RTD incidence and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of children under 14 hospitalized with RTD.
  • Data collected from the regional morbidity register of Sfax University Hospital (2003-2015).

Main Results:

  • 10,797 RTD cases identified (21.7% of pediatric hospitalizations), with male predominance (60%).
  • Acute bronchitis (53.8%) and asthma (15%) were the most common RTD.
  • Significant increases in hospital incidence rates (HIR) for RTD, acute bronchitis, and asthma were observed, alongside a decrease in acute upper respiratory infection (AURI).
  • Acute bronchitis lethality rate significantly increased.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood RTD remain a serious health problem in Sfax, Tunisia, characterized by increasing morbidity and mortality.
  • Urgent implementation of preventive and curative strategies is necessary to mitigate the impact of RTD.
Abstract

Keywords:
hospitalpediatricprojectionrespiratory tract diseasetrend

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