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Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia
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Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

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Controversies and advances in the management of ventilator associated pneumonia

Katherine L Roberts1, Scott T Micek2, Paul Juang2

  • 1a Department of Pharmacy , Barnes Jewish Hospital , St Louis , MO , USA.

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine
|September 12, 2017
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains a significant hospital-acquired infection. Advances in rapid diagnostics and new antimicrobial agents offer improved treatment options for VAP, especially with rising drug resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common hospital-acquired infection with significant healthcare costs and negative patient outcomes.
  • The rising prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria complicates VAP management, necessitating advancements in diagnostics and therapeutics.
  • Despite a downward trend in national surveillance data, VAP remains a critical concern globally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current controversies in the definition and diagnosis of VAP.
  • To discuss evolving empiric treatment strategies for VAP.
  • To highlight recent developments in rapid microbiologic testing and novel antimicrobial agents for VAP.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on VAP definition, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
  • Discussion of advancements in rapid diagnostic techniques for microbial pathogen identification.
  • Exploration of emerging non-traditional antimicrobial agents and their potential role in VAP management.

Main Results:

  • Rapid diagnostic techniques show potential to reduce inappropriate antimicrobial therapy, decrease unnecessary exposure, and lower mortality in VAP patients.
  • New antimicrobial agents are anticipated, offering expanded treatment options against resistant pathogens.
  • Controversies in VAP definition and diagnosis persist, requiring careful consideration in clinical practice.

Conclusions:

  • Rapid diagnostic technologies represent a significant advancement in treating nosocomial infections like VAP.
  • The development of new antimicrobial agents is crucial for combating antimicrobial resistance in VAP.
  • Continued efforts are needed to refine VAP care, diagnostics, and treatment in light of evolving challenges.
Keywords:
Pneumoniaantibioticguidelinerapid-diagnostictreatmentventilator

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