Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

8.1K
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
8.1K
Vision01:24

Vision

60.5K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
60.5K
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

9.8K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
9.8K
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

2.9K
The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
2.9K
Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

1.6K
Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
1.6K
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

800
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
800

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Methylphenidate enhances or impairs the cognitive control of Pavlovian bias depending on working memory capacity.

eLife·2026
Same author

Learned statistical regularity modulates anticipatory micro-saccades toward suppressed distractor locations.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

An open multi-center MEG-EEG dataset for studying conscious visual perception.

Scientific data·2026
Same author

Depression in Parkinson's disease is associated with reduced ventral striatal dopamine transporter binding.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2026
Same author

Cross-modal interaction of human alpha activity does not reflect inhibition of early sensory processing in a frequency-tagging study using EEG and MEG.

eLife·2026
Same author

Hierarchical brain dynamics supporting visual perceptual transitions.

Science advances·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 23, 2026

Detecting Pre-Stimulus Source-Level Effects on Object Perception with Magnetoencephalography
09:25

Detecting Pre-Stimulus Source-Level Effects on Object Perception with Magnetoencephalography

Published on: July 26, 2019

7.4K

Occipital Alpha and Gamma Oscillations Support Complementary Mechanisms for Processing Stimulus Value Associations.

Tom R Marshall1,2, Sebastiaan den Boer1,3, Roshan Cools1

  • 1Radboud University Nijmegen.

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
|September 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Selective attention and stimulus value interact to influence brain oscillations. Salient stimuli capture attention by altering alpha power, while negative distractors disrupt gamma-band activity.

More Related Videos

Analyzing Neural Activity and Connectivity Using Intracranial EEG Data with SPM Software
06:50

Analyzing Neural Activity and Connectivity Using Intracranial EEG Data with SPM Software

Published on: October 30, 2018

10.0K
Recording Spatially Restricted Oscillations in the Hippocampus of Behaving Mice
07:10

Recording Spatially Restricted Oscillations in the Hippocampus of Behaving Mice

Published on: July 1, 2018

9.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 23, 2026

Detecting Pre-Stimulus Source-Level Effects on Object Perception with Magnetoencephalography
09:25

Detecting Pre-Stimulus Source-Level Effects on Object Perception with Magnetoencephalography

Published on: July 26, 2019

7.4K
Analyzing Neural Activity and Connectivity Using Intracranial EEG Data with SPM Software
06:50

Analyzing Neural Activity and Connectivity Using Intracranial EEG Data with SPM Software

Published on: October 30, 2018

10.0K
Recording Spatially Restricted Oscillations in the Hippocampus of Behaving Mice
07:10

Recording Spatially Restricted Oscillations in the Hippocampus of Behaving Mice

Published on: July 1, 2018

9.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Selective attention modulates neural oscillations in alpha and gamma bands.
  • Separate neural systems process rewarding and punishing information.
  • Potential conflict exists between selective processing and detecting valuable stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the interaction between selective attention (left vs. right) and learned stimulus value (neutral, punished, rewarded).
  • Examine how attention and value compete for control over posterior neural oscillations.
  • Determine the neural mechanisms underlying attentional and value-based processing.

Main Methods:

  • Measured posterior neural oscillations (alpha and gamma bands) during selective attention tasks.
  • Manipulated stimulus value associations (neutral, punished, rewarded).
  • Utilized source analysis to identify brain regions involved.

Main Results:

  • Both attention and stimulus value influenced neural oscillations.
  • Selective attention affected alpha and gamma oscillations similarly.
  • Value associations had distinct effects: salient targets modulated alpha power, while negative distractors abolished gamma-band lateralization.
  • Occipital regions generated both attentional and value effects.

Conclusions:

  • Posterior cortical oscillations support both selective attention and sensitivity to valuable environmental features.
  • Separate neural processes in different frequency bands underlie responses to salient versus positively valued stimuli.
  • The brain balances focused attention with environmental vigilance through distinct oscillatory mechanisms.