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A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
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Independent operation of implicit working memory under cognitive load.

Eunhee Ji1, Kyung Min Lee1, Min-Shik Kim1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea.

Consciousness and Cognition
|September 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Implicit working memory (WM) operates unconsciously. This study found implicit WM is independent from explicit spatial WM, even under cognitive load during search tasks.

Keywords:
ConsciousnessExplicit working memoryImplicit working memorySpatial working memoryVisual search

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Implicit working memory (WM) is understood to function non-consciously.
  • The relationship between implicit WM and explicit WM, particularly concerning cognitive resource allocation, remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if implicit WM is a distinct mechanism from explicit WM.
  • To determine if implicit WM competes for cognitive resources with explicit spatial WM.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a conjunction search task to induce cognitive resource competition.
  • Implemented spatial WM load in Experiments 1, 2a, and 2b.
  • Assessed response times for detecting a target in the fifth display, comparing pattern-consistent vs. pattern-inconsistent trials.

Main Results:

  • Implicit WM effectively extracted moving patterns during conjunction search.
  • Implicit WM operated even when participants concurrently maintained spatial WM information.
  • Performance on the pattern detection task was not significantly impaired by the concurrent explicit spatial WM task.

Conclusions:

  • Implicit working memory appears to be an independent mechanism from explicit spatial WM.
  • Implicit WM can operate in parallel with explicit WM without significant cognitive resource interference.
  • These findings advance our understanding of the distinct functional architecture of working memory systems.