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The Ras Gene02:38

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The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
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Galectin-3, a Druggable Vulnerability for KRAS-Addicted Cancers.

Laetitia Seguin1, Maria F Camargo2, Hiromi I Wettersten2

  • 1Department of Pathology, Moores UCSD Cancer Center, and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California. dcheresh@ucsd.edu lseguin@unice.fr.

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|September 13, 2017
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Researchers found that galectin-3 is crucial for KRAS-mutant cancer survival. Targeting the interaction between galectin-3 and integrin αvβ3 eradicates KRAS-addicted tumors, offering a new therapeutic strategy.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Therapeutics

Background:

  • KRAS-mutant cancers exhibit addiction to oncogenic KRAS signaling.
  • Targeting KRAS addiction is a critical unmet need in cancer therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel molecular targets and biomarkers for KRAS-addicted cancers.
  • To investigate the role of galectin-3 in KRAS dependence.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the interaction between galectin-3 and integrin αvβ3.
  • Utilized a clinically active drug to disrupt αvβ3/galectin-3 binding.
  • Assessed tumor eradication in mouse models of KRAS-mutant lung and pancreatic cancer.

Main Results:

  • Galectin-3 acts as a lynchpin for KRAS dependence by binding to integrin αvβ3.
  • Disruption of this binding suppressed macropinocytosis and increased reactive oxygen species.
  • Therapeutic intervention eradicated KRAS-mutant xenografts and spontaneous tumors in mice.

Conclusions:

  • Galectin-3 is a druggable target for KRAS-addicted lung and pancreas cancers.
  • Integrin αvβ3 serves as a biomarker for identifying susceptible tumors.