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Does Heel Height Cause Imbalance during Sit-to-Stand Task: Surface EMG Perspective.

Ganesh R Naik1,2, Ahmed Al-Ani1, Massimiliano Gobbo3

  • 1Centre for Health Technologies, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology SydneySydney, NSW, Australia.

Frontiers in Physiology
|September 13, 2017
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Summary

Wearing high heel shoes (HHS) alters knee muscle activity in women, leading to potential imbalance and fatigue. This study examined electromyography (EMG) signals during sit-to-stand tasks with varying heel heights.

Keywords:
high heel shoesimbalancesit-to-standsurface electromyographyvastus lateralisvastus medialis

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Kinesiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • High heel shoes (HHS) are commonly worn by women and can alter lower limb biomechanics.
  • Understanding the effects of HHS on knee joint muscle activation is crucial for injury prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differences in electromyography (EMG) muscle activity around the knee during sit-to-stand (STS) and stand-to-sit-returning (STSR) tasks.
  • To determine the impact of varying shoe heel heights on knee muscle activation patterns in healthy young women.

Main Methods:

  • Sixteen healthy young women performed STS and STSR tasks while wearing shoes with heel heights ranging from 4 to 12 cm.
  • Surface electromyography (sEMG) signals were recorded from the vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles.
  • Median frequency (MDF) and root mean square (RMS) features were extracted from sEMG data to quantify muscle activity.

Main Results:

  • Increased heel height led to an imbalance in vasti muscle activation (VM and VL).
  • Both MDF and RMS values indicated altered muscle recruitment patterns with higher heels.
  • Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in muscle activity based on heel height.

Conclusions:

  • Regular use of high heel shoes (HHS) may increase the risk of knee imbalance and fatigue in women.
  • Elevated heels disrupt the coordinated function of knee extensor muscles.
  • Further research is warranted to explore long-term consequences and potential interventions.